GREAT WALL OF CHINA History of the Great Wall of China: The Great Wall of China is the national military defense project in the cold weapon war era with the longest time and the largest amount of construction in the world. It condenses the sweat and wisdom of our ancestors and is the symbol and pride of the Chinese nation. According to historical records, since the Warring States period, more than 20 vassals and feudal dynasties have built the Great Wall. The earliest was the Chu Kingdom. To defend the nomadic or enemy countries in the north, they began to build the Great Wall. Subsequently, Qi, Yan, Wei, Zhao, Qin, and other countries also began to build their own Great Wall for the same purpose. After Qin unified the six countries, the famous emperor Qin Shihuang sent Meng Tian northward to the Xiongnu, connecting the Great Walls of various countries. From Linyao in the west to Liaodong in the east, it stretched for more than 10,000 miles. This is called the
The 5 Richest People In the World:
The world's wealthiest people all have certain things in common: legendary work ethics, breakthrough ideas, and absolute commitment to their companies. At the time of updating this article, all of the top five wealthiest people founded their own companies, and continue to take an active role in the management of their exorbitant wealth.
1. Jeff Bezos
- Net Worth: $107.3 billion
- Founder: Amazon (AMZN)
In 1994, Bezos founded Amazon.com in a garage in Seattle, shortly after he resigned from the hedge fund giant D.E. Shaw. In fact, he had originally pitched the idea of an online bookstore to his former boss David E. Shaw (a rumor that Shaw himself has confirmed), who wasn't interested.
Though Amazon.com originally started out selling books, it has since morphed into a one-stop-shop for everything under the sun, and is arguably the world's most important retailer. At any rate, it is hard to dispute its self-description as the "earth's most customer-centric company." Its pattern of constant diversification is evident in some of its unexpected recent expansions, which include its acquisition of Whole Foods in 2017 and its launching of its own branded over-the-counter drugs in Feb. 2018.
Bezos took Amazon public in 1997 and has since gone on to become the first man since Bill Gates in 1999 to achieve a net worth of over $100 billion.2 Bezos' other projects include aerospace company Blue Origin, The Washington Post (which he bought in 2013), and the 10,000-year clock, also known as the Long Now.
2. Bill Gates
- Net Worth: $99.9 billion
- Co-Founder: Microsoft Corp. (MSFT)
The only Harvard dropout in the Top Five, Bill Gates' knack for increasing wealth is staggering, even for an already wealthy guy. The Microsoft co-founder's net worth has more than doubled since 2009.
Through the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, he has also spent billions to fight polio and malaria. Additionally, he pledged $50 million in 2014 to help fight Ebola.5
Bill Gates stepped down from the boards of Microsoft and Berkshire Hathaway on March 13, 2020.
3. Bernard Arnault Family
- Owner of LVMH
- Net Worth: $79.7 billion
French national Bernard Arnault is the chairman and CEO of LVMH, the world's biggest luxury goods company. The company owns some of the biggest brands on earth including Louis Vuitton, Hennessey, Bulgari, Marc Jacobs, Dior, Sephora, and many more.
An engineer by training, Arnault's business chops became apparent whilst working for his father's engineering company, Ferret-Savinel. He converted the company to a real estate company in 1976.
Arnault acquired luxury goods maker Financière Agache in 1984, eventually selling all of its holdings other than Christian Dior and Le Bon Marché department store. He became chairman of the board of LVMH in 1989. His own investments are broad, including technology concerns and yacht companies.
4. Warren Buffett
- Net Worth: $72.6 billion
- Best Investor of the 20th Century
The most famous living value investor, Warren Buffet filed his first tax return in 1944 at age 14, declaring his earnings from his boyhood paper route.
He first bought shares in a textile company called Berkshire Hathaway in 1962, becoming the majority shareholder by 1965. He expanded the company to the insurance and other investments in 1967. Now, Berkshire Hathaway is a half-trillion-dollar company, with a single share of a stock trading at over $300,000 per share in early 2019.
Warren Buffett is widely known as “The Oracle of Omaha” because of his knack for value investing, in other words, finding bargains in undervalued companies. While most investors have been piling into social media companies, Buffett has repeatedly stated that it’s too difficult to determine their value, and has instead stuck with investments that he thinks will pay off 10 years down the road. He is also a noted Bitcoin skeptic.
Buffett is also known for his frugality. At age 14, he itemized his bicycle as a $35 deduction on his first income tax return because he used it for his paper route. He gives much of his wealth to charity and has said that he doesn't intend to leave his riches to his children. Between 2006 and 2019, Buffett has given back nearly $34.5 billion and committed to eventually giving away nearly his entire fortune.
5. Mark Zuckerberg
- Co-founder of Facebook
- Net Worth: $57.9 billion
CEO of Facebook, Zuckerberg is the second Harvard dropout in the Top Five. He invented Facebook in his Harvard dorm room in 2004, along with Harvard classmate Eduardo Saverin, following his creation of an earlier successful program called Facemash. Fellow Harvardians Tyler and Cameron Winklevoss claimed that it was they who first approached Zuckerberg with the idea, leading to a notorious lawsuit that finally settled in 2008. In the settlement, the Winklevoss twins were awarded $20 million, and what at the time was $45 million worth of stock.
Facebook, which had its IPO in 2012, was estimated to have more than two billion active users monthly in late 2018. Its market cap was approximately $561 billion in 2019.Zuckerberg has used his fortune and influence towards some charitable causes, such as a solar-powered drone that can deliver internet to areas deprived of the web, and donating $100 million to public schools in Newark, New Jersey.
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